Landscape Design
Masters of Chinese have used the surrounding landscape and the nature of peak, skillfully copying it in his compositions. The art of Chinese landscape contributed to the formation of a style of landscape areas in Europe (18 century) and led to the formation of a new style in Europe, dubbed – Anglo-Chinese garden. Landscape art in Japan, too, was influenced by this new style. Art of Landscape Design in Japan based on the pre-designated level reproduction of nature. The Japanese became masters in the art of miniature landscapes. In the garden seamlessly fits into a small architectural forms: bridges, lamps (mostly rock), all sorts of fences, benches and gates.
Especially appreciated the temporary plaque – lichens on rocks, fading tone bamboo and wood. The main purpose of the gardens in Japan – is to contribute to abstractedly and concentration. Hidden meaning of the ceremonies, the development of the finest emotional reactions to the natural beauty and the works of Japanese art. One example of the tea gardens is the garden of the palace Hiji created in 1536 – 1598, respectively. The device is a small garden on the territory of more Japanese perfected the art of breeding, rearing and caring for bonsai – bonsai.
Dwarf trees organically and seamlessly incorporated into the small microspaces and coexist with small models of the huts, temples, palaces and rocks in Japan. Such unusual forms and can now adorn any interior. Worship of stones in Japan expressed his love for nature – in turn causing the formation of a new kind of direction. The best example of this style is Rioani temple garden. This section of rectangular shape, covered with white coarse sand, which are special order of 15 stones, symbolizing the ocean islands. There is many similar tracks, where boulders and stones are combined with ponds and evergreen shrubs and trees. Japan has no doubt had an enormous influence on the art of modern design. Garden of Peace near the building by unesco in France in Paris is a good example of Japanese tradition in European art of landscape design. Its author – J. – Japanese sculptor. New socio-political formation – capitalism – resulted in a change in the traditional design of landscape design. Find themselves on an artificial, referring to the natural, nature has an impact on the formation of new notions of beauty and harmony. Innovative search form landscape object in the 18 century is closely associated with Romanticism (art direction at the time). Vegetation becomes an element of first importance. Acclimatization of plants given landscape facilities the opportunity to enrich themselves at Dendrology respect, and many of these objects have turned into the arboretum and dendroparks. A planning method of forming the landscape of object-style landscape continues improved. A variety of such facilities in Europe and America are huge. In the 19 century in the Ukrainian territory were established parks unique in landscape style: in Alexandria building the White Church, a Uman , and Trostyanets.